The Prostate Cancer Immune Microenvironment, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Intervention
نویسندگان
چکیده
Advanced prostate cancers have a poor survival rate and lack of effective treatment options. In order to broaden the available treatments, immunotherapies been investigated. These include cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T cells bispecific antibodies. addition, combinations different with standard therapy explored. Despite success Sipuleucel-T vaccine in metastatic, castrate-resistant setting, other not shown same efficacy this population at large. Some individual patients, however, remarkable responsiveness these therapies. Therefore, work is underway identify which populations will respond positively via identification predictive biomarkers. biomarkers immunologically active tumour microenvironment indicative high neoantigen expression tumour. This review examines constitution microenvironment, explores effectiveness immunotherapies, finally investigates how selection can be optimised by use
منابع مشابه
Immune mediators in the tumor microenvironment of prostate cancer
Prostate cancer tissue is composed of both cancer cells and host cells. The milieu of host components that compose the tumor is termed the tumor microenvironment (TME). Host cells can be those derived from the tissue in which the tumor originates (e.g., fibroblasts and endothelial cells) or those recruited, through chemotactic or other factors, to the tumor (e.g., circulating immune cells). Som...
متن کاملMicroRNAs as predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets in prostate cancer.
Prostatectomy or irradiation is the most common traditional treatments for localized prostate cancer. In the event of recurrence and/or metastasis, androgen ablation therapy has been the mainstay treatment for many years. Although initially effective, the cancer inevitably recurs as androgen-independent PCa, a disease with limited effective treatments. Enhanced predictive biomarkers are needed ...
متن کاملNovel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent cancer in the Western male population and the second leading cause of cancer death in men, affecting over 10 million individuals. Present approaches to control the cancer mortality have focused on the detection of the cancer at early stages when it is still locally confined and may be curable. Identification of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has facili...
متن کاملCancer Microenvironment and Therapeutic Implications
Since the seminal work it is known that inflammation is a major risk factor for cancer. Inflammation can be caused by agents as diverse as heat, cold, foreign body or chemicals. In every case, there is a protein leak from the damaged capillaries. This results in increased oncotic pressure which is in turn responsible for the methylation of the PP2A phosphatase. The activation of PP2A results in...
متن کاملHuman prostate cancer progression models and therapeutic intervention.
Our laboratory has developed two cellular models of human prostate cancer progression. The LNCaP prostate cancer progression model is based upon the well-known cellular interaction between human prostate or bone stromal cells and LNCaP cells in vivo. The marginally tumorigenic LNCaP cells acquired tumorigenic and metastatic potential upon cellular interaction with either prostate or bone fibrob...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Uro
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2673-4397']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/uro2020010